基于森林资源清查的江西省森林贮碳功能研究   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

魏文俊  王兵  郭浩 《气象与减灾研究》2008,31(4)

利用江西省1999--2003年森林资源二类清查资料,结合大岗山森林生态站的实测数据以及已公布的调查资料,运用材积源生物量法对江西省森林的碳储量和碳密度进行了估算和评价。结果表明,江西省不同类型森林乔木层碳密度,由大到小依次为硬阔林、针阔混交林、毛竹林、国外松林、杉木林、软阔林、灌木林、马尾松林和经济林,且碳密度随着林龄的增大而增大,随人口密度的增大而减小。森林碳密度土壤层最大,植被层次之,枯落物层最小。不同森林类型乔木层碳储量,由大到小依次为杉木林、硬阔林、马尾松林、毛竹林、灌木林、国外松林、经济林、针阔混交林、软阔林。从森林类型分布看,除杉木和国外松林外,其他森林类型天然林乔木层碳储量远大于人工林;从地理分布看,除南昌、萍乡、新余三市外,其余各市均是天然林乔木层碳储量远大于人工林。不同年龄森林乔木层碳储量,由大到小依次为中龄林、幼龄林、近熟林、成熟林、过熟林。不同森林碳储量由大到小依次为杉木林、马尾松林、硬阔林、灌木林、经济林、毛竹林、针阔混交林、国外松林和软阔林,南部和中西部要高于中东部和北部。江西省森林总碳储量为1．5Gt,占全国森林总碳储量的5．33％。  相似文献   

江西省发展曼地亚红豆杉产业的若干问题探讨——以莲花县为例     

陈双溪 《气象与减灾研究》2008,31(3):11-14

简要介绍曼地亚红豆杉的生物学特性、生态学特性,及其很高的经济价值和良好的生态价值,指出发展曼地亚红豆杉产业,可以实现生态、经济、社会三大效益共赢。分析了江西省莲花县曼地亚红豆杉产业现状及规划。提出江西省发展曼地亚红豆杉产业的三项建议：要进行引种曼地亚红豆杉的气候可行性与不可行性论证,要采取多种科学措施保证曼地亚红豆杉引种成功,必须形成产业链或产业集群。  相似文献   

华南锋面与暖区暴雨个例对比分析   总被引：14，自引：1，他引：13  

赵玉春  李泽椿  肖子牛 《气象科技》2008,36(1):47-54

分析了1961～1999年亚洲热带近海海温与云南降水的关系.通过研究云南夏季降水对近海海温异常的响应,发现云南初夏的降水与亚洲热带近海海温有明显的负相关关系,这种降水减少海温正距平的情况在北印度洋西部和阿拉伯海表现比孟加拉湾和南海更显著,但是在盛夏相关关系不显著.同时发现云南西南部的夏季降水与前期盂加拉湾海温有显著的正相关,而与其它海域的海温相关不显著.滇东南的夏季降水只与前期南海的海温有显著的正相关.  相似文献   

山西2006年雨季天气气候特征分析     

姚彩霞  杨英  任璞  郭俊龙  郝建萍 《气象科技》2008,36(1):74-77

2005年6月17～24日,华南地区发生了连续多日的暴雨天气过程,其显著特征是存在着南北两条雨带,北支雨带(福建中北部)由准静止的梅雨锋造成,南支雨带(广东中东部)发生在锋前暖区之中,这种连续多日共存的双雨带现象引起了气象学家的广泛关注.为了探究锋面和锋前暖区暴雨的成因,加深这两类不同性质暴雨的认识,利用NCEP每6 h一次的1°×1°经纬度再分析资料以及华南地区加密观测的逐小时地面降水等资料,以此次连续多日维持的双雨带降水过程为例,详细分析了锋面附近与锋前暖湿区内暴雨系统的主要物理差异.结果发现:梅雨锋暴雨和锋前暖区暴雨不仅在中尺度雨团活动、系统动力结构、大气不稳定机制和大气加热结构等存在明显的差异,而且在水汽输送、中尺度环境以及与暴雨有关的垂直环流之间也存在着不同点,这些差异可能是造成锋前暖区暴雨难以模拟和预报的主要原因.  相似文献   

Pb-Pb dating of black shales from the Lower Cambrian and Neoproterozoic strata, South China   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  

Yong-Quan Chen  Shao-Yong Jiang  Hong-Fei Ling 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2009,69(2):183-190

Black shales occur widely in the Lower Cambrian and Neoproterozoic strata on the Yangtze Platform, South China. In this study, Lower Cambrian black shales from Xiuning section and Late Neoproterozoic black shales from Weng’an section were studied and Pb isotopic compositions were analyzed following a stepwise acid-leaching technique. The ²⁰⁶Pb/²⁰⁴Pb ratios in both sections show large variations, from 18.906 to 43.737 in the Weng’an section and from 24.811 to 38.110 in the Xiuning section. In contrast, the ranges for ²⁰⁷Pb/²⁰⁴Pb and ²⁰⁸Pb/²⁰⁴Pb values in both sections are relatively smaller from 15.649 to 17.126 and 37.744-38.199 in the Weng’an section, and from 16.034 to 16.783 and 38.602-39.391 in the Xiuning section, respectively. These data yielded two Pb isotope isochron ages of 536±39 and 572±36 Ma, respectively. These ages well accord with other published data and we suggest that they represent the depositional ages for the Lower Cambrian Hetang Formation and the upper Neoproterozoic Doushantuo Formation in South China.  相似文献   

Behaviour of REE and mass balance calculations in a lateritic profile over chlorite schists in South Cameroon     

Veronique Kamgang Kabeyene Beyala  Estelle Ndome Effoudou Priso  Georges Emmanuel Ekodeck 《Chemie der Erde / Geochemistry》2009,69(1):61-13

An in situ weathering profile overlying chlorite schists in the Mbalmayo-Bengbis formations (South Cameroon) was chosen for the study of the behaviour of REE and the evaluation of geochemical mass balance. After physical and mineralogical studies, the chlorite schists and the undisturbed weathered materials were chemically analyzed for major elements (X-ray fluorescence and titrimetry) and REE (ICP-MS). The behaviour of the REE in the Mbalmayo weathering system was established in comparison with the REE of the reference parent rock. Mass balance calculations were applied to both major elements and REE. The mineralogy of the materials was determined with the aid of a Philips 1720, diffractometer. The chlorite schists of the Mbalmayo sector show low REE contents (Σ=153.44 ppm). These rocks are relatively rich in LREE (about 125 times the chondritic value) and relatively poor in HREE (about 20 times the chondritic value). The REE diagram normalized to chondrites shows a slightly split graph ((La/Yb)_N=6.18) with marked enrichment in LREE (LREE/HREE=9.50) in relation to HREE. Moreover, these spectra do not present any Ce anomaly, but a slightly positive Eu anomaly. The imperfectly evolved profile, whose materials are genetically linked, shows an atypical behaviour of REE. In effect, the LREE are more mobile than the HREE during weathering ((La/Yb)NASC<1) with weak Ce anomalies. This has been rarely reported in lateritic profiles characterized by higher HREE mobility than LREE during weathering processes with high Ce anomalies. This is either due to the difference in the stability of REE-bearing minerals, or to the weak acidic to basic pH conditions (6.70<pH<7.80), or even due to the average evolution of the weathering materials. The pathway of the REE along the profile is as follows: (1) leaching in the saprolites and summit of the profile, except for Ce, which precipitates very weakly in the nodular materials and the coarse saprolite materials, (2) at the base of the profile, solutions come in contact with chlorite schist formations, at this level, the pH increases (pH=7.79), HREE and a part of LREE partially void of Ce precipitate and (3) the other part of LREE precipitates further up in the profile. The geochemical mass balance calculations reveal that these elements are leached in the same phases as the relatively high Si, Al, K and Fe²⁺ contents.  相似文献   

The co-production of land use and livelihoods change: Implications for development interventions   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

Edward R. Carr  Brent McCusker   《Geoforum》2009,40(4):568-579

In a previous paper [McCusker, B., Carr, E.R., 2006. The co-production of livelihoods and land use change: Case studies from South Africa and Ghana. Geoforum 37 (5), 790–804], we argued that land use and livelihoods could best be understood as co-produced, where land use and livelihoods are not separate objects of knowledge related to one another through abstract processes, but different manifestations of social processes through which individuals and groups come to understand the challenges facing their everyday lives, the various resources available to them to negotiate these challenges, and the strategies by which they can conduct that negotiation. In this paper, we examine the theoretical basis for “co-production” with the goal of using this approach to inform development interventions.  相似文献   

Examining potential genetic links between Jurassic porphyry Cu–Au ± Mo and epithermal Au ± Ag mineralization in the Toodoggone district of North-Central British Columbia,Canada     

Paul Duuring  Stephen M. Rowins  Bradley S. M. McKinley  Jenni M. Dickinson  Larry J. Diakow  Young-Seog Kim  Robert A. Creaser 《Mineralium Deposita》2009,44(4):463-496

The Toodoggone district comprises Upper Triassic to Lower Jurassic Hazelton Group Toodoggone Formation volcanic and sedimentary rocks, which unconformably overlie submarine island-arc volcanic and sedimentary rocks of the Lower Permian Asitka Group and Middle Triassic Takla Group, some of which are intruded by Upper Triassic to Lower Jurassic plutons and dikes of the Black Lake suite. Although plutonism occurred episodically from ca. 218 to 191 Ma, the largest porphyry Cu–Au ± Mo systems formed from ca. 202 to 197 Ma, with minor mineralization occurring from ca. 197 to 194 Ma. Porphyry-style mineralization is hosted by small-volume (<1 km³), single-phase, porphyritic igneous stocks or dikes that have high-K calc-alkaline compositions and are comparable with volcanic-arc granites. The Fin porphyry Cu–Au–Mo deposit is anomalous in that it is 16 m.y. older than any other porphyry Cu–Au ± Mo occurrence in the district and has lower REEs. All porphyry systems are spatially restricted to exposed Asitka and Takla Group basement rocks, and rarely, the lowest member of the Hazelton Group (i.e., the ca. 201 Ma Duncan Member). The basement rocks to intrusions are best exposed in the southern half of the district, where high rates of erosion and uplift have resulted in their preferential exposure. In contrast, low- and high-sulfidation epithermal systems are more numerous in the northern half of the district, where the overlying Hazelton Group rocks dominate exposures. Cogenetic porphyry systems might also exist in the northern areas; however, if they are present, they are likely to be buried deeply beneath Hazelton Group rocks. High-sulfidation epithermal systems formed at ca. 201 to 182 Ma, whereas low-sulfidation systems were active at ca. 192 to 162 Ma. Amongst the studied epithermal systems, the Baker low-sulfidation epithermal deposit displays the strongest demonstrable genetic link with magmatic fluids; fluid inclusion studies demonstrate that its ore fluids were hot (>468°C), saline, and deposited metals at deep crustal depths (>2 km). Sulfur, C, O, and Pb isotope data confirm the involvement of a magmatic fluid, but also suggest that the ore fluid interacted with Asitka and Takla Group country rocks prior to metal deposition. In contrast, in the Shasta, Lawyers, and Griz-Sickle low-sulfidation epithermal systems, there is no clear association with magmatic fluids. Instead, their fluid inclusion data indicate the involvement of low-temperature (175 to 335°C), low-salinity (1 to 11 equiv. wt.% NaCl) fluids that deposited metals at shallow depths (<850 m). Their isotope (i.e., O, H, Pb) data suggest interaction between meteoric and/or metamorphic ore fluids with basement country rocks.  相似文献   

新疆觉罗塔格成矿带与南阿尔泰成矿带的对比研究   总被引：5，自引：2，他引：3  

陈毓川  刘德权  应立娟  王登红  唐延龄 《矿床地质》2009,28(1):01-14

在总结觉罗塔格成矿带和南阿尔泰成矿带成矿特征的基础上,对这2个成矿带进行了地质成矿对比,认为该2带具有相同的"五阶段"演化历程,并发育相似的成矿地质事件与成矿地质环境,矿化特征及所发育的矿床成矿系列均具有可比性.体现了在一个成矿带内不同的构造演化阶段都具有各自的岩浆或沉积成矿作用,形成一定的矿床组合,并具有一定的演化规律;具有类似构造环境的成矿带有可能具有类似的成矿系列与演化.例如,铁、铜、铜镍、金和稀有金属等矿床的几种矿床类型在这2个带中均有产出,南阿尔泰成矿带中的喀拉通克铜镍矿床可与觉罗塔格成矿带中的黄山铜镍矿床对比.同时也指出,该2带存在明显的差异.并按成矿体系中"全位成矿"的理论,指出了在这2个成矿带作进一步研究和找矿的新方向."对比"是地学中运用最广泛的原则和方法,实际上,据此思路在近年的勘查与研究中已取得了新的找矿成果.  相似文献   

江西会昌岽背玄武岩地球化学和Sr-Nd同位素特征及其地质意义   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3  

励音骐  厉子龙  毛建仁  骆学全  徐贻赣  汪惠惠 《矿床地质》2009,28(5):696-706

江西会昌岽背地区晚中生代玄武岩的SiO2含量为49.06%～50.14%,K2O含量为1.26%～1.63%.其微量元素显示出大离子亲石元素富集,高场强元素亏损,尤以明显的Nb、Ta亏损为特征;REE总量为(135.5～146.8)×10-6,(La/Yb)N≈10,表现出LREE富集的稀土元素配分模式,且无明显的Eu异常;Sr-Nd同位素具有高(87Sr/86Sr)i(0.70678～0.70695)和低εNd(t)(-2.46～-2.18)的特征.据以上特征并结合区域地质背景,反映出岽背玄武岩的源区可能为EMⅡ型富集型大陆岩石圈地幔,其形成的构造环境为活动大陆边缘.较低的Nb/U比值(7～8)暗示该玄武质岩浆在形成过程中遭受了一定程度的大陆地壳混染或与俯冲过程有关的物质的加入.岽背玄武岩具有陆缘弧型地球化学特征,指示会昌地区在晚白垩世晚期(约85 Ma)处于活动大陆边缘的构造环境,该玄武岩的形成可能与燕山晚期古太平洋板块向欧亚大陆的俯冲消减作用关系密切.底侵作用可能为会昌地区燕山晚期成矿岩浆的生成提供了流体和热,有利于铜多金属矿的形成.  相似文献